Introductions
Your electrical panel is full of circuit breakers, running from top to bottom of the service panel. For the sake of convenience, the breakers are usually numbered and mapped, with the odd-numbered breakers running down the left side of the panel, and the even-numbered circuits along the right. But sitting atop both rows of branch circuit breakers there is a single larger circuit breaker that is usually located dead center in the panel. In most installations, this larger breaker is located at the top of the panel, but depending on how the main service panel has been installed, it could be at the bottom, or even at one end of a panel mounted sideways.
This large circuit breaker is known as the main breaker, and it plays a crucial role in the electrical system by offering the means of disconnecting power to the entire circuit breaker panel and hence shutting off power to the entire house.
What Is the Difference Between the Main Breaker and Branch Circuit Breakers?
The main circuit breaker is really no different than any other breaker, but it is designed to handle the large amperage load of the main feeder wires bringing electrical power to the house. For this reason, it will be by far the largest breaker in the box in terms of amperage rating. In a few older homes, the main breaker may be rated as low as 60-amps, but it's much more common for the main breaker to be rated for 100-amps, 150-amps, 200-amps—or even more in a few very large homes.
Your main service panel is designed to bring 240 volts of power into your home via two main service wires, each carrying 120 volts of current. Inside your service panel, these service wires connect directly to the main breaker, which then distributes power down through two individual hot buss bars in the service panel. The individual circuit breakers for branch circuits will receive their power by connecting to one or both of these hot buss bars. Circuits for 120-volt circuits connect to one buss bar; circuits for 240-volt circuits connect to both hot buss bars.
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